Here is a deep, comprehensive explanation of MetaTrader 4 (MT4) from MetaQuotes
Here is a deep, comprehensive explanation of MetaTrader 4 (MT4) from MetaQuotes
Here is a deep, comprehensive explanation of MetaTrader 4 (MT4) from MetaQuotes, covering its history, architecture, core components, and why it became the industry standard.
MetaTrader 4 is a **client-server-based online trading platform** primarily used for trading in the foreign exchange (Forex) market, as well as Contracts for Difference (CFDs) and futures. It was developed by **MetaQuotes Software Corp.** and released in 2005.
Its core purpose is to provide retail traders with a stable, flexible, and automated environment to analyze financial markets, place trades, and develop their own trading strategies. It is not a broker itself; it's the *software* that brokers provide to their clients.
---
MT4 was built on a simple but powerful client-server model:
* **Client Terminal:** The application you download and install on your computer (or mobile device). This is the trader's interface.
* **Server:** The software run by your broker. It handles all the core operations: receiving price quotes, managing client accounts, executing orders, and routing them to liquidity providers.
This separation is crucial. Your terminal is just a window into the broker's server, which is the single source of truth for your account balance, open positions, and the market prices you see.
---
Let's break down the main parts of the MT4 ecosystem.
#### A. The Client Terminal (The Trader's Interface)
This is what most people think of as "MT4." It consists of several key parts:
* Displays a real-time list of financial instruments (symbols) offered by the broker.
* Shows the current Bid and Ask price.
* The context menu here is where you execute instant orders ("New Order") or open a chart.
* The control center for your account and automation.
* **Accounts:** Switch between live and demo accounts.
* **Indicators:** A library of built-in and custom technical analysis tools (e.g., Moving Averages, RSI, Bollinger Bands).
* **Expert Advisors (EAs):** The gateway to your automated trading robots.
* **Scripts:** Single-purpose programs that run once (e.g., to close all orders instantly).
* **Custom Indicators:** Technical indicators you create or download.
* The dashboard for your trading activity.
* **Trade Tab:** Shows all your open positions and pending orders with key details like volume, open price, profit/loss, and swap.
* **Account History:** A detailed log of all closed orders, deposits, and withdrawals.
* **Alerts:** Manages your price alerts.
* **Mailbox & News:** For communication from the broker.
* **Journal:** A real-time log of all platform events, errors, and execution details. Crucial for debugging.
* The heart of technical analysis. Highly customizable.
* **Timeframes:** From 1-minute (M1) to 1-month (MN1).
* **Chart Types:** Bars, Candlesticks, and Line charts.
* **Objects:** Ability to draw trend lines, channels, Fibonacci retracements, shapes, and text directly on the chart.
This is the built-in Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for the **MQL4** programming language. It's where the magic of automation happens.
* **Code Editor:** Features syntax highlighting, auto-completion, and a powerful debugger.
* **Compiler:** Translates human-readable MQL4 code into an executable file (`.ex4`) that the MT4 terminal can run.
* **Includes Templates:** Provides a starting point for creating EAs, indicators, and scripts.
This is a groundbreaking feature that made MT4 legendary. It allows you to **backtest** your Expert Advisors.
* **How it Works:** You select an EA, a symbol, a date range, and the platform will simulate trading based on historical data.
* **Modes:**
* **Every Tick:** The most accurate simulation, replaying every price tick. (Computationally intensive).
* **Control Points & Open Prices:** Faster, but less accurate, modes.
* **Output:** After a test, it provides a detailed report with metrics like Profit Factor, Expected Payoff, Max Drawdown, and a visual equity curve on the chart. This allows for data-driven strategy optimization.
This is the proprietary C-like programming language that powers MT4's automation.
* **Purpose:** To create Expert Advisors (EAs), Custom Indicators, and Scripts.
* **Key Features:**
* **Predefined Variables & Functions:** Easy access to account info (`AccountBalance()`), market info (`Bid`, `Ask`), and trading functions (`OrderSend()`, `OrderClose()`).
* **Event-Driven:** Code is executed based on events, primarily the `OnTick()` function, which runs every time a new price quote (tick) is received.
* **Access to Built-in Indicators:** You can programmatically call the logic of any built-in indicator (e.g., `iMA()` for Moving Average).
---
This is the part the broker uses. Traders never see this, but it's fundamental to how the platform works.
* **MT4 Manager:** A client application for brokers to manage individual trader accounts, view live trades, process withdrawals, and provide support.
* **MT4 Server:** The core backend software. It:
* Manages all client accounts and databases.
* Receives price feeds from liquidity providers and distributes them to client terminals.
* Executes trades and manages order routing.
* Handles hedging or netting accounting models.
* Calculates swaps, commissions, and profits/losses in real-time.
* **MT4 Administrator:** A plugin for the Manager that allows brokers to configure server-wide settings, groups, symbols, and leverage rules.
---
1. **Pioneered Retail Forex Automation:** It was the first platform to make algorithmic trading accessible to the retail masses through MQL4 and the Strategy Tester.
2. **Stability and Reliability:** It's a relatively lightweight, stable platform that "just works." This is critical for brokers and traders alike.
3. **Massive Ecosystem:** A huge community of developers created thousands of free and paid EAs, indicators, and scripts. This created a powerful network effect.
4. **Broker Adoption:** Because it was so popular with traders, brokers had to offer it, which in turn made it more popular—a virtuous cycle.
5. **Ease of Use (at a basic level):** While powerful, the basic interface for manual trading is intuitive enough for a beginner to grasp.
---
MetaQuotes released MetaTrader 5 (MT5) in 2010, intending it to be the successor. However, MT4's dominance persisted for years. Key differences:
| Feature | MetaTrader 4 | MetaTrader 5 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Primary Market** | Forex & CFDs | Multi-Asset (Stocks, Futures, Forex) |
| **Programming Language** | MQL4 | MQL5 (more advanced, object-oriented) |
| **Strategy Tester** | Single-threaded | Multi-threaded, much faster |
| **Order Accounting** | Primarily Hedging | Primarily Netting (but hedging is possible) |
| **Built-in Indicators** | 30 | 38 |
| **Timeframes** | 9 | 21 |
| **Depth of Market (DOM)** | No | Yes |
**The Critical Point:** Despite MT5's technical superiority, the trading community was so deeply invested in the MQL4 ecosystem that migration was slow. For years, MetaQuotes struggled to displace its own product. They have since stopped selling new MT4 licenses to brokers (as of 2023), forcing a gradual transition to MT5.
MetaTrader 4 is more than just software; it's a **phenomenon**. It democratized algorithmic trading, created a global ecosystem, and set the standard for retail Forex platforms for nearly two decades. Its deep, integrated environment—combining a robust client terminal, a powerful programming language, a sophisticated backtester, and a reliable server architecture—is why it remains in widespread use today, even as the industry slowly moves toward its successor, MetaTrader 5.
indigostrader
18.11.2025, 22:27 #1
Here is a deep, comprehensive explanation of MetaTrader 4 (MT4) from MetaQuotes, covering its history, architecture, core components, and why it became the industry standard.
MetaTrader 4 is a **client-server-based online trading platform** primarily used for trading in the foreign exchange (Forex) market, as well as Contracts for Difference (CFDs) and futures. It was developed by **MetaQuotes Software Corp.** and released in 2005.
Its core purpose is to provide retail traders with a stable, flexible, and automated environment to analyze financial markets, place trades, and develop their own trading strategies. It is not a broker itself; it's the *software* that brokers provide to their clients.
---
MT4 was built on a simple but powerful client-server model:
* **Client Terminal:** The application you download and install on your computer (or mobile device). This is the trader's interface.
* **Server:** The software run by your broker. It handles all the core operations: receiving price quotes, managing client accounts, executing orders, and routing them to liquidity providers.
This separation is crucial. Your terminal is just a window into the broker's server, which is the single source of truth for your account balance, open positions, and the market prices you see.
---
Let's break down the main parts of the MT4 ecosystem.
#### A. The Client Terminal (The Trader's Interface)
This is what most people think of as "MT4." It consists of several key parts:
* Displays a real-time list of financial instruments (symbols) offered by the broker.
* Shows the current Bid and Ask price.
* The context menu here is where you execute instant orders ("New Order") or open a chart.
* The control center for your account and automation.
* **Accounts:** Switch between live and demo accounts.
* **Indicators:** A library of built-in and custom technical analysis tools (e.g., Moving Averages, RSI, Bollinger Bands).
* **Expert Advisors (EAs):** The gateway to your automated trading robots.
* **Scripts:** Single-purpose programs that run once (e.g., to close all orders instantly).
* **Custom Indicators:** Technical indicators you create or download.
* The dashboard for your trading activity.
* **Trade Tab:** Shows all your open positions and pending orders with key details like volume, open price, profit/loss, and swap.
* **Account History:** A detailed log of all closed orders, deposits, and withdrawals.
* **Alerts:** Manages your price alerts.
* **Mailbox & News:** For communication from the broker.
* **Journal:** A real-time log of all platform events, errors, and execution details. Crucial for debugging.
* The heart of technical analysis. Highly customizable.
* **Timeframes:** From 1-minute (M1) to 1-month (MN1).
* **Chart Types:** Bars, Candlesticks, and Line charts.
* **Objects:** Ability to draw trend lines, channels, Fibonacci retracements, shapes, and text directly on the chart.
This is the built-in Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for the **MQL4** programming language. It's where the magic of automation happens.
* **Code Editor:** Features syntax highlighting, auto-completion, and a powerful debugger.
* **Compiler:** Translates human-readable MQL4 code into an executable file (`.ex4`) that the MT4 terminal can run.
* **Includes Templates:** Provides a starting point for creating EAs, indicators, and scripts.
This is a groundbreaking feature that made MT4 legendary. It allows you to **backtest** your Expert Advisors.
* **How it Works:** You select an EA, a symbol, a date range, and the platform will simulate trading based on historical data.
* **Modes:**
* **Every Tick:** The most accurate simulation, replaying every price tick. (Computationally intensive).
* **Control Points & Open Prices:** Faster, but less accurate, modes.
* **Output:** After a test, it provides a detailed report with metrics like Profit Factor, Expected Payoff, Max Drawdown, and a visual equity curve on the chart. This allows for data-driven strategy optimization.
This is the proprietary C-like programming language that powers MT4's automation.
* **Purpose:** To create Expert Advisors (EAs), Custom Indicators, and Scripts.
* **Key Features:**
* **Predefined Variables & Functions:** Easy access to account info (`AccountBalance()`), market info (`Bid`, `Ask`), and trading functions (`OrderSend()`, `OrderClose()`).
* **Event-Driven:** Code is executed based on events, primarily the `OnTick()` function, which runs every time a new price quote (tick) is received.
* **Access to Built-in Indicators:** You can programmatically call the logic of any built-in indicator (e.g., `iMA()` for Moving Average).
---
This is the part the broker uses. Traders never see this, but it's fundamental to how the platform works.
* **MT4 Manager:** A client application for brokers to manage individual trader accounts, view live trades, process withdrawals, and provide support.
* **MT4 Server:** The core backend software. It:
* Manages all client accounts and databases.
* Receives price feeds from liquidity providers and distributes them to client terminals.
* Executes trades and manages order routing.
* Handles hedging or netting accounting models.
* Calculates swaps, commissions, and profits/losses in real-time.
* **MT4 Administrator:** A plugin for the Manager that allows brokers to configure server-wide settings, groups, symbols, and leverage rules.
---
1. **Pioneered Retail Forex Automation:** It was the first platform to make algorithmic trading accessible to the retail masses through MQL4 and the Strategy Tester.
2. **Stability and Reliability:** It's a relatively lightweight, stable platform that "just works." This is critical for brokers and traders alike.
3. **Massive Ecosystem:** A huge community of developers created thousands of free and paid EAs, indicators, and scripts. This created a powerful network effect.
4. **Broker Adoption:** Because it was so popular with traders, brokers had to offer it, which in turn made it more popular—a virtuous cycle.
5. **Ease of Use (at a basic level):** While powerful, the basic interface for manual trading is intuitive enough for a beginner to grasp.
---
MetaQuotes released MetaTrader 5 (MT5) in 2010, intending it to be the successor. However, MT4's dominance persisted for years. Key differences:
| Feature | MetaTrader 4 | MetaTrader 5 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Primary Market** | Forex & CFDs | Multi-Asset (Stocks, Futures, Forex) |
| **Programming Language** | MQL4 | MQL5 (more advanced, object-oriented) |
| **Strategy Tester** | Single-threaded | Multi-threaded, much faster |
| **Order Accounting** | Primarily Hedging | Primarily Netting (but hedging is possible) |
| **Built-in Indicators** | 30 | 38 |
| **Timeframes** | 9 | 21 |
| **Depth of Market (DOM)** | No | Yes |
**The Critical Point:** Despite MT5's technical superiority, the trading community was so deeply invested in the MQL4 ecosystem that migration was slow. For years, MetaQuotes struggled to displace its own product. They have since stopped selling new MT4 licenses to brokers (as of 2023), forcing a gradual transition to MT5.
MetaTrader 4 is more than just software; it's a **phenomenon**. It democratized algorithmic trading, created a global ecosystem, and set the standard for retail Forex platforms for nearly two decades. Its deep, integrated environment—combining a robust client terminal, a powerful programming language, a sophisticated backtester, and a reliable server architecture—is why it remains in widespread use today, even as the industry slowly moves toward its successor, MetaTrader 5.
Сайлентблоки, или амортизирующие втулки, — это важные элементы подвески автомобиля, которые обеспечивают гашение вибраций и уменьшение шума при движении. Они служат для фиксации металлических частей с помощью эластичного материала.
Назначение сайлентблоков
Основное назначение сайлентблоков — обеспечить амортизацию отдельных частей подвески и одновременно сохранить прочность соединения. Благодаря им уменьшаются удары от дороги, что повышает удобство езды и сохраняет кузов и другие детали от повреждений.
Конструкция и материалы
Сайлентблок состоит из металлической обоймы и внутреннего слоя из резины, который и выполняет амортизирующую функцию. Именно благодаря резиновому слою достигается эластичность и долговечность детали.
Виды сайлентблоков
- Стандартные сайлентблоки — самые распространённые, отличаются хорошей упругостью.
- Полиуретановые втулки отличаются повышенной жесткостью, лучше подходят для спортивных и внедорожных машин.
- Сложные варианты сочетают разные материалы для улучшения характеристик сайлентблоки
Признаки износа сайлентблоков
- Усиление шумов при проезде неровностей.
- Ухудшение манёвренности машины.
- Появление вибраций в подвеске и кузове.
- Визуальные повреждения — трещины или деформация резиновой части.
Замена сайлентблоков
Своевременная замена изношенных втулок — залог надежности подвески.Работа требует специальных инструментов и опыта, поэтому рекомендуется обращаться к профессионалам.
Правильный выбор и поддержание в хорошем состоянии подвесных втулок обеспечит комфортную поездку и продлит срок службы вашего автомобиля.
Сайлентблоки в машине
Сайлентблоки, или амортизирующие втулки, — это важные элементы подвески автомобиля, которые обеспечивают гашение вибраций и уменьшение шума при движении. Они служат для фиксации металлических частей с помощью эластичного материала.
Назначение сайлентблоков
Основное назначение сайлентблоков — обеспечить амортизацию отдельных частей подвески и одновременно сохранить прочность соединения. Благодаря им уменьшаются удары от дороги, что повышает удобство езды и сохраняет кузов и другие детали от повреждений.
Конструкция и материалы
Сайлентблок состоит из металлической обоймы и внутреннего слоя из резины, который и выполняет амортизирующую функцию. Именно благодаря резиновому слою достигается эластичность и долговечность детали.
Виды сайлентблоков
- Стандартные сайлентблоки — самые распространённые, отличаются хорошей упругостью.
- Полиуретановые втулки отличаются повышенной жесткостью, лучше подходят для спортивных и внедорожных машин.
- Сложные варианты сочетают разные материалы для улучшения характеристик сайлентблоки
Признаки износа сайлентблоков
- Усиление шумов при проезде неровностей.
- Ухудшение манёвренности машины.
- Появление вибраций в подвеске и кузове.
- Визуальные повреждения — трещины или деформация резиновой части.
Замена сайлентблоков
Своевременная замена изношенных втулок — залог надежности подвески.Работа требует специальных инструментов и опыта, поэтому рекомендуется обращаться к профессионалам.
Правильный выбор и поддержание в хорошем состоянии подвесных втулок обеспечит комфортную поездку и продлит срок службы вашего автомобиля.
1 Gast/Gäste
1 Gast/Gäste